The 2022 escalation of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine into a full-scale war has destroyed parts of entire cities, dislocated millions of individuals, and has increased insecurity of food and energy for many (Johnson, 2023; Oyeleye & Jiang, 2023; Assisi & Kipo-Sunyehzi, 2024).  Khylko & Khylko (2024) therefore contends that this has raised concerns about the shortcomings of the mainstream IR theoretical paradigms (especially realism and liberalism) in reducing this wa

On a crisp morning in the Barents Sea, a cluster of small autonomous drones zipped past a Russian destroyer, slipping through its defenses and gathering intelligence without firing a single shot. For centuries, naval power was measured by the weight of a gun or the size of a fleet. Now, invisible technologies—drones, AI-guided submersibles, and swarming autonomous vessels—are testing whether those old equations still hold true.